Сборник материалов конференции, состоявшейся осенью 2008 г. в Институте славяноведения РАН, посвящен сорокалетию чехословацких событий 1968 г. и отражает современное состояние изучения "Пражской весны" - переломного рубежа в развитии социализма в Европе. На основе ранее не известных или не доступных исследователям документов анализируется ряд слабо изученных проблем системного кризиса и движения за реформирование социализма. Основное внимание уделено влиянию чехословацких событий на общество и сознание европейцев. Для историков и всех интересующихся политической историей XX столетия.

Can open source software - software that is usually available without charge and that individuals are free to modify - survive against the fierce competition of proprietary software, such as Microsoft Windows? Should the government intervene on its behalf? This work addresses a host of issues raised by the rapid growth of open source software, including government procurement policy, and patent and copyright policy. Contributors offer diverse perspectives on a phenomenon that has become a lightning rod for controversy in the field of information technology.

Vol. 2 : Dominica to Italy. - 348 p.

This book is focusing on the testimony of important first-hand witnesses. We have thousands of government documents, hundreds of photographs, trace landing cases and more, but it is impossible to include them in a book of this length. These materials will be made available for any serious scientific or Congressional inquiry.

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THIS BOOK WAS WRITTEN to address two of the most important issues that government managers will ever have to face: how to hire and fire a government employee. Neither of these is easy, but in all probability, you will need to do both in order to succeed. Most likely, you will hire far more employees than you will fire—if not, something is definitely wrong. After all, if you spend most of your time correcting bad hiring decisions, what does that say about your hiring process? Moreover, you will find yourself devoting far too much of your precious time looking for ways to get rid of bad employees instead of performing your day-to-day job responsibilities.

Who should have the last word on fundamental policy issues? This book analyzes the rise of two contenders - the people, through direct democracy, and the courts. Introduced in the U.S. during the Progressive Era and now available in nearly half the states, direct democracy has surged in recent decades. Through ballot measures, voters have slashed taxes, mandated government spending, imposed term limits on elected officials, enacted campaign finance reform, barred affirmative action, banned same-sex marriage, and adopted many other controversial laws. In several states, citizens now bypass legislatures to make the most important policy decisions. However, the "people's rule" is not absolute. This book demonstrates that courts have used an expanding power of judicial review to invalidate citizen-enacted laws at remarkably high rates. The resulting conflict between the people and the courts threatens to produce a popular backlash against judges and raises profound questions about the proper scope of popular sovereignty and judicial power in a constitutional system.

British-Polish relations during the Second World War were dogged by the fact that Polish demands on the Soviet Union threatened Soviet relations with Britain and the United States, and Soviet participation in the war. In this book Anita Prazmowska relates British policies and war-time strategy to Polish expectations and policies. She describes a tragic situation where Polish soldiers were trapped between the unrealistic plans of their government and the harsh realities of a war that they fought for Britain with no prospect of a satisfactory outcome for them or their country.

Is everyday life possible in a situation of total war, foreign occupation and subjection to a Nazi or Fascist political order? Europe, between 1939 and 1945, was in the grip of a war of ideology, extermination and genocide which resulted in as many casualties among civilians as among combatants. While combatants engaged in battles with immense fire-power from Stalingrad to Normandy, and over 3 million out of 5 million captured Russian soldiers died in German prisoner of war camps, civilians bore the brunt of bombing by Axis and Allied planes alike and the scorched-earth policy of both Soviets and Germans. Civilian populations were displaced in their millions, whether fleeing before invading armies, fearful of atrocities, evacuated from bombed cities, or moved by the Soviet authorities as unreliable ethnic minorities away from the front line. The economies and labour forces of occupied Europe were riveted to the needs of the German war machine, with over eight million people brought to work in Germany. In the absence of their menfolk, whether as soldiers or as deported workers, women were frequently the main breadwinners as well as heads of the family, and were liable to seduction or rape by invading or occupying forces. Occupying forces purged or exterminated target groups that were seen as a menace to their war effort, the Germans in occupied Poland getting rid first of intellectuals, then of Jews. In the heart of occupied Europe Nazi and fascist ideology was imposed by propaganda, schooling, youth movements and the persecution of churches. Food was generally in short supply, and famine stalked the land from Greece to Russia. Where civilians took up arms against the occupying forces as partisans or maquisards, regular armies having dwindled away, they found themselves fighting an unequal battle, sustaining heavy losses and subjected to torture to betray their comrades. Where resistance fighters struck, then the occupying forces resorted to collective reprisals against civilians suspected of harbouring them, from the execution of hostages to the torching of villages.

This book examines the influence of the European Commission and the European Court of Justice in the political and legal enforcement of member state compliance in the EU. The author shows how the EU's supranational institutions have played an independent role in the creation of a European enforcement system that is exceptionally effective compared to that of other international organizations.

Непроста, часом трагічна доля українського книговидання – тема невеличкого, але дуже змістовного історичного нарису С. О. Єфремова (1876–1939) – громадсько-політичного й державного діяча, літературного критика й історика літератури, академіка Української академії наук. Автор досліджує досить значний період: з кінця ХVІІІ ст. по 1916 р., тобто до центру його уваги потрапляють утиски української культури з боку уряду царської Росії.

У монографії молодого науковця М. Алфьорова на підставі значного архівного матеріалу, частина з якого вперше вводиться до наукового обігу, здійснено аналіз міграційної політики радянського уряду на Донбасі, розкрито перебіг міграційно-демографічних процесів та їх значення для економічного розвитку регіону у 1939-1959 рр. Книга розрахована як на фахівців істориків, так і на широке коло читачів, що цікавляться історією України і Донбаського краю.

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Перед вами – перший практичний посiбник iз серiї Юридична абетка пiдприємця, яку випускає Центр комерцiйного права. Проект Центр комерцiйного права здiйснює компанiя Делойт Туш Томатсу за фiнансової пiдтримки Агентства США з мiжнародного розвитку на пiдставi двосторонньої угоди про спiвпрацю мiж урядами України та США. Центр комерцiйного права — єдина в Українi органiзацiя, яка займається виключно розвитком комерційного (підприємницького) права й охоплює майже всі його підгалузі. Отже, комерційне право - це Ваше право, шановні підприємці. Серiя Юридична абетка пiдприємця покликана допомогти Вам, шановнi пiдприємцi, вивчити свої права й обов’язки, свiдомо застосовувати на практицi норми чинних нормативно-правових актiв.