In writing this book I was heavily dependent on the help of others. I am particularly grateful to Mark Smith for his advice and his patience in answering my questions about Coptic and Egyptology, and to Wadi Abullif for his generous assistance in Cairo. I would like to thank Sydney Aufre`re, Anne Boud’hors, Nathalie Bosson, Charles Libois, and the late Maurice Martin for allowing me to profit from their discoveries and expertise, Colin Wakefield for his help at the Bodleian Library and his advice about Arabic transcriptions, Nigel Hope for his proof correcting and Bonnie Blackburn for her copy-editing. My thanks also go to Anne Ashby, Alice Bailey, Maurits van den Boogert, Anthony Grafton, Nelly Hanna, Johannes den Heijer, Jan Helderman, Karim Ibrahim, Robert Jones, Gautier Juynboll, Ivo Klaver, Jill Kraye, William Lyster, Dorothea McEwan, Ian MacLean, Georges Masson, Peter Miller, Andrew Pettegree, Paul Botley, Jenny Boyle, Francis Richard, Jonathan Rolls, Lydia Salviucci Insolera, Rijk Smitskamp, Gerald Toomer, Hans van der Velde, Michael Walsh, Nicholas Warner, Joanna Weinberg, and Jan Just Witkam. I gratefully acknowledge an S. T. Lee Fellowship at the School of Advanced Study, London University, the subsidies given to me for travel in Egypt by the Leidse Universitaire Fonds, the library and hospitality of the Netherlands-Flemish Institute in Cairo, and above all of the Warburg Institute in London, and, finally, the support of the Dr C. LouiseThijssen-Schoute Stichting, to whose former chairman,A. G. H . Bachrach, this book is affectionately dedicated.

Viking marauders struck fear into the hearts of ninth-century European peasants, monks and nobles alike for two centuries, but the Vikings were more than seaborne terrorists. This atlas illustrates their influence extending from the Holy Land to Newfoundland, as explorers, settlers, craftsmen and hired mercenaries.

For assistance with photographs and biographical information, I thank those scientists who graciously responded to my requests and the many libraries and archives who helped. I would also like to express my gratitude to the University of Montana Mansfield Library, where much of the research for this book was completed, and to the authors of the many science reference books I consulted. Finally, my sincerest thanks to Frank K. Darmstadt, Executive Editor, Melissa Cullen-DuPont, Assistant Editor, and Alana Braithwaite, Editorial Assistant, for their unwavering support and superb guidance throughout the project.

They Came Before Columbus reveals a compelling, dramatic, and superbly detailed documentation of the presence and legacy of Africans in ancient America. Examining navigation and shipbuilding; cultural analogies between Native Americans and Africans; the transportation of plants, animals, and textiles between the continents; and the diaries, journals, and oral accounts of the explorers themselves, Ivan Van Sertima builds a pyramid of evidence to support his claim of an African presence in the New World centuries before Columbus. Combining impressive scholarship with a novelist’s gift for storytelling, Van Sertima re-creates some of the most powerful scenes of human history: the launching of the great ships of Mali in 1310 (two hundred master boats and two hundred supply boats), the sea expedition of the Mandingo king in 1311, and many others. In They Came Before Columbus, we see clearly the unmistakable face and handprint of black Africans in pre-Columbian America, and their overwhelming impact on the civilizations they encountered.

This second edition of the 1990 Library Journal "Best Reference" book, four years in the compiling and writing, is an exhaustive A-Z direct-entry encyclopedia of Antarctica. It doubles the first edition's entries to 30,000, covering geographical features, historical events, explorers, expeditions, airplanes, ships, scientists, scientific stations, tour operators, scientific terms, birds, animals, insects, flora, items of general interest and much more. "Antarctica" is defined as all land and water south of 60°S. Information for geographical features is drawn primarily from national gazetteers, both current and old, and is not limited to ­English-­language sources. Extensive cross-referencing simplifies the continent's often bewildering nomenclature--geographical features' names, for example, may vary widely from one national gazetteer to the next, and are further complicated by having been named and renamed multiple times, and in many languages, through the years. All linguistic variations of placenames are included and cross-referenced.

The Invention of Ancient Israel shows how the history of ancient Palestine has been obscured by the search for Israel. Keith W. Whitelam argues that ancient Israel has been invented by scholars in the image of a European nation state. He explores the theological and political assumptions which have shaped research into ancient Israel by Biblical scholars, and contributed to the vast network of scholarship which Said identified as 'Orientalist discourse'. Keith W. Whitelam's groundbreaking study argues that Biblical scholars, through their traditional view of this region, have contributed to dispossession of both a Palestinian land and a Palestinian past. This is important reading for historians, biblical specialists, social anthropologists and all those who are interested in the history of ancient Israel and Palestine.

Книга присвячена польсько-українському протистоянню напередодні Другої світової війни, під час нацистської окупації і в перші роки після неї. Основну увагу приділено подіям на Холмщині (головно від часу акції нищення православних церков у 1938 р. до масової депортації українського автохтонного населення в 1945—1947 pp.) і на Волині (головно в 1943—1944 pp., коли конфлікт був найкривавіщим). Наводяться також окремі матеріали про Галичину (включно з Надсянням і Лемківщиною), однак ширше питання про події в цьому регіоні будуть висвітлені в окремому томі. Книга включає дослідження, а також добірки документів, спогадів і матеріалів дискусії, що велася напередодні відкриття на Волині 11 липня 2003 р. пам'ятника польським і українським жертвам міжнаціонального конфлікту. Видання підготоване завдяки підтримці Фонду Теодора і Магдалини Бутреїв при Освітній Фундації Петра Яцика, Торонто, Канада.

Излагаются принципы и результаты геоботанического районирования советских и зарубежных территорий Арктики (к северу от полярного предела лесов) и Антарктики (к югу от линии антарктической конвергенции). В Арктике выделено две области: тундровая и полярных пустынь, в пределах тундровой области две подобласти — арктических и субарктических тундр. Каждая из них разделяется на геоботанические провинции и подпровинции, а в ряде случаев и округа. В Антарктике различаются две области: субантарктических травяных подушечников и антарктических полярных пустынь. Для каждого из выделенных регионов приведен очерк растительности и указана библиография.

Лірика Гійома Аполлінера (1880—1918) — одне з найвидатніших явищ європейської поезії XX століття. Художні відкриття французького поета справили эначний вплив на розвиток всієї сучасної поезії, сприяли її оновленню та демократизації. Геній Аполлінера близький нам не стільки формальними новаціями, скільки художньо точним відтворенням духу нової доби, високим гуманістичним пафосом протесту проти буржуазної внедуховленості, фольклорно чистою органічністю ліричних шедеврів.