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The concept of the universal was born in the lands we now call Europe, yet it is precisely the universal that is Europe's undoing. All European politics is caught in a tension: to assert a European identity is to be open to multiplicity, but this very openness could dissolve Europe as such. This book reflects on Europe and its changing boundaries over the span of twenty centuries. A work of philosophy, it consistently draws on concrete events. From ancient Greece and Rome, to Christianity, to the Reformation, to the national revolutions of the twentieth century, what we today call "Europe" has been a succession of projects in the name of ecclesia or community. Empire, Church, and EU: all have been constructed in contrast to an Oriental "other." The stakes of Europe, then, are as much metaphysical as political. Redefining a series of key concepts such as world, place, transportation, and the common, this book sheds light on Europe as process by engaging with the most significant philosophical debates on the subject, including the work of Marx, Husserl, Heidegger, Patocka, and Nancy

Кл.слова:
філософія -- Європа

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This textbook reflects the buoyant state of contemporary political philosophy, and the development of the subject in the past two decades. It includes seminal papers on fundamental philosophical issues such as: the nature of social explanation distributive justice liberalism and communitarianism citizenship and multiculturalism nationalism democracy criminal justice. A range of views is represented, demonstrating the richness of the philosophical contribution to some of the most contested areas of public policy and political decision making. Each section has an introduction by the editors that situates the papers in the ongoing debate. Further Reading sections feature at the end of each chapter. Readings from the following thinkers are included: Steven Lukes, Robert Nozick, John Rawls, Bhikhu Parekh, Antony Duff, G.A. Cohen, Derek Parfit, Roger Scruton, Michael Sandel, Alasdair MacIntrye. Debates in Contemporary Political Philosophy will be a valuable resource for upper-level students interested in current thinking in this area.

Кл.слова:
політика -- філософія

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"Encyclopedia of Love in World Religions" is the first reference work to offer a comprehensive portrait of love in the context of the classic and contemporary literature of Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, and Hinduism, as well as other cultures and philosophies. Like no volume published to date, it reveals the full richness of religious teachings on love in all its many forms, exploring an extensive range of topics that offer philosophical, psychological, and religious perspectives to guide the quest for the meaning of love. "Encyclopedia of Love in World Religions" features approximately 300 subject entries, as well as insightful biographic sketches of preeminent thinkers, all written by a multidisciplinary team of some of the foremost scholars on the subject. Entries examine both general and culture-specific interpretations of love: not just the dichotomy of spiritual and physical love, but the full emotional spectrum of love in relationships and practices. Collectively, they encompass love's integral-and sometimes conflicting-role in shaping beliefs and behavior in a vastly diverse world.

Кл.слова:
ерос -- теологія -- віра

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Joseph Raz presents a penetrating exploration of the interdependence of value, reason, and the will. The essays illuminate a wide range of questions concerning fundamental aspects of human thought and action. The book is a summation of many years of original, compelling, and influential work by a major contemporary philosopher.

Кл.слова:
мораль -- соціальний релятивізм

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Divisions abound about whether politics should be held to a higher moral standard or whether pragmatic considerations or realpolitik should prevail. The two poles are represented most conspicuously by Aristotle, for whom the proper aim of politics is moral virtue, and Machiavelli, whose prince in contrast exalted political pragmatism over morality. The fourteen contributors to this volume are predominantly arrayed on the Aristotelian end of the continuum, although several moral skeptics and pragmatists do enter the fray. These essays address perennial concerns in political and moral theory and underscore the rekindled yearning of many to hold the political realm to a higher standard despite the skepticism of dissenters who question the likelihood or even the desirability of success.

Кл.слова:
політика

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The twentieth century brought enormous change to subjects such as language, metaphysics, ethics and epistemology. This volume covers the major developments in these areas and more.

Кл.слова:
філософія мови -- метафізика -- етика -- епістемологія -- політична філософія

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A timely contribution from prominent philosophers to the public debate about morality and politics, exploring the fundamental problem of their relation and a string of specific issues. Is political morality more permissive of deception, manipulation and violence? Is there room for morality in international relations? Is patriotism a virtue? What are the moral costs of policies that keep out most of those seeking immigration or asylum? May we use torture in the 'war on terror'? What are the moral hazards of military obedience?

Кл.слова:
політика -- мораль

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Robert Fludd was one of the last of the true Renaissance men who tool all learning as their preserve and tried to encompass the whole of human knowledge. Born in Elizabethan England, he became a convinced occultist while traveling on the Continent. His voluminous writings were devoted to defending the philosophy of the alchemists and Rosicrucians and applying their doctrines to a vast description of man and the universe. All of Fludd's important plates are collected here for the first time, annotated and explained together with an introduction to his life and thought.

Кл.слова:
філософія

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Recent and ongoing developments in science and technology--such as the prevention and treatment of disease through genetics and the development of increasingly sophisticated computer systems with wide-ranging applications--hold out the promise of vastly improving the quality of human life, but they can also raise serious ethical, legal, and public policy questions. The thirteen essays in this volume address these questions and related issues from a variety of perspectives.

Кл.слова:
філософія -- політика

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Our most common way of solving problems-at home, at work, in our communities, in national and international affairs-is to use our expertise and authority to apply piece-by-piece, tried-and-true "best practices." This works for simple, familiar, uncontentious problems. But it doesn't work for the complex, unfamiliar, conflictual problems that we all increasingly face. When we try to solve these complex problems using our common way, the problems end up either getting stuck or getting unstuck only by force. We all need to learn another way.

Кл.слова:
спілкування

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Rescued in 1972 from a storeroom in which rats and seeping water had severely damaged the fifty-year-old manuscript, this text is the earliest major work (1919-1921) of the great Russian philosopher M. M. Bakhtin. Toward a Philosophy of the Act contains the first occurrences of themes that occupied Bakhtin throughout his long career. The topics of authoring, responsibility, self and other, the moral significance of "outsideness," participatory thinking, the implications for the individual subject of having "no-alibi in existence," the difference between the world as experienced in actions and the world as represented in discourse—all are broached here in the heat of discovery. This is the "heart of the heart" of Bakhtin, the center of the dialogue between being and language, the world and mind, "the given" and "the created" that forms the core of Bakhtin's distinctive dialogism. A special feature of this work is Bakhtin's struggle with the philosophy of Immanuel Kant. Put very simply, this text is an attempt to go beyond Kant's formulation of the ethical imperative. mci will be important for scholars across the humanities as they grapple with the increasingly vexed relationship between aesthetics and ethics.

Кл.слова:
філософія -- мислення -- мораль

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How is understanding to be understood? Are there limits to understanding? What of importance, if anything, could lie beyond understanding? And do we need to understand knowledge before we can know about understanding? Richard Mason's argument is that a critical theory of understanding, modeled on past theories of knowledge, cannot be workable. Understanding may bring wisdom: an uncomfortable thought for many philosophers in the twentieth century. Yet philosophy aims at expanding understanding at least as much as knowledge. How we understand understanding affects how we understand philosophy. If we put aside a narrow view of understanding based upon a cartesian model of knowledge, we may gain a more liberal, open understanding of philosophy. Mason's treatment of these fascinating problems offers a clear and lucid dialogue with a number of contemporary philosophical schools and with philosophy's past. His discussions include the thought of Hume, Henry James, Heidegger, Frege, Charles Taylor, Michael Oakeshott, Wittgenstein, Gadamer, James Joyce, and the Guyaki Indians. This fascinating book contributes to the work of many of these traditions as well as to the nature of understanding in areas as diverse as physics, music, and linguistics. --This text refers to the Hardcover edition.

Кл.слова:
філософія -- когнітивний підхід -- герменевтика

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Slavoj Zizek was born in 1949 and is a Slovenian political philosopher, sociologist, and cultural critic best known for work with French psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan. Zizek writes on many topics, including the Iraq War, political correctness, globalization, human rights, and multiculturalism. His thought has received mixed receptions, from celebratory to deeply critical, but his politics are the element that most needs critical reassessment. This book introduces Zizek's primary areas of interest and the fields in which he has made his most influential contributions: ideology and political subjectivity; political totalitarianism; and contemporary culture. It explores political topics about which Zizek's interventions have been called partial or flawed, including liberalism, capitalism, the politics of religion, and political decisionism. A final section assesses Zizek and politics today. Each chapter considers the debates in which Zizek has intervened, his position, his positive contribution, and the limits of his position.

Кл.слова:
політика -- філософія

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Книга відомого німецького філософа присвячена одній з найпопулярніших тем філософії ХХ ст. - герменевтиці, теорії розуміння й тлумачення текстів та феноменів культури. Автор окреслює історію герменевтики, коло її проблем на тлі принципового розмежування методології гуманітарних і природничих наук.

Кл.слова:
філософія -- герменевтика -- феномен культури

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В монографии анализируется феномен парадигмы, ее структура и функции. Вводится новый объект исследования - парадигмальная наука. Парадигмаль-ность понимается как качественная характеристика бытия науки с момента ее институциализации. Для изучения парадигмальной науки применяется аксиологическая методология. Автор проясняет понятийный и категориальный аппарат аксиологии, выдвигает методологические подходы, идеи и принципы, что в совокупности составляет аксиологический метод исследования, который может быть применен дтя изучения не только науки, но и любой человекомерной системы. Научным работникам, преподавателям философии, магистрантам, аспирантам, студентам, а также всем, кого интересуют проблемы современной науки и теории ценностей.

Кл.слова:
структура -- культура -- розвиток науки -- структуралізм -- ідеалізм

У збірнику наукових праць представлені тези учасників конференції молодих учених «Актуальні проблеми історії і філософії у дослідженнях молодих учених», проведеної Державною установою «Інститут всесвітньої історії НАН України», Інститутом філософії імені Г.С. Сковороди НАН України, Інститутом історії України НАН України в травні 2018 року.

Конференція молодих учених покликана популяризувати історичну та філософську науку та залучити до обговорення актуальних проблем історії та філософії молодих науковців.

Кл.слова:
націоналізм -- формування політики -- філософія -- історія

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В предлагаемой работе авторы рассматривают основания для определения человека как Человека Религиозного (Homo Religiosus). Для этой цели они делают попытку рассмотреть и проанализировать некоторые определения религии и теории возникновения религии. Однако в результате такого рассмотрения, авторы приходят к необходимости экспликации глубинных бессознательных оснований человеческой религиозности, принципов архаического сознания вне конфессиональных рамок. Это и есть археология религии, стремление «докопаться» до истоков религиозности и понять, что же на самом деле представляет собой религия. Работа предназначена для ученых, аспирантов и студентов гуманитарного направления. А также для всех тех, кто интересуется философией религии и стремится выйти за рамки навязанных догм.

Кл.слова:
релігієзнавство -- теїзм -- ініціація -- архаїчна свідомість

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Мишель Фуко (1926—1984) — крупнейший французский философ и культуролог, оказавший огромное влияние на современную теорию познания и историк) культуры. "Археология знания" завершает т.н. "археологический период" в творчестве ученого ("Рождение клиники: Археология взгляда медика", 1963; "Слова и вещи: Археология гуманитарных наук", 1966; русс. пер. — М., 1977, Спб., 1994) и формулирует принципы "археологии знания" как особой дисциплины, которая изучает историю идей, наук и ментальностей, выявляя взаимодействия между различными видами речевых практик, зафиксированных в разного рода исторических документах, а также между речевыми практиками и внеязыковыми "структурами повседневности" — экономическими, социальными, политическими и проч.

Кл.слова:
теорія -- філософія -- культура

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В работе излагается нетрадиционное понимание предмета, сущности и конкретных методов философствования, определяется место философии в системе человеческого знания, уточняются основные технологические особенности собственно-философского говорения. Автор обосновывает тезис о принципиально маргинальном характере философской деятельности, выражающемся в перманнентном стремлении философствующих упразднить собственное философствование посредством его концептуальной трансформации в научные, морализаторские, художественные и прочие тексты. Книга рассчитана на философов-профессионалов, аспирантов, студентов, читателей, интересующихся философией.

Кл.слова:
проблеми філософії -- пізнання