The complex examination included 204 children with pneumonia at the age of 2 months to 3 years. It is established that in young children who are ill with out-of-hospital pneumonia, the main etiologic factor is bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae (36,8 %). The content of endogenous antimicrobial peptides identified in the serum of 20 young children, patients with pneumonia and 17 children in the control group. It is proved that the development of pneumonia in young children occurs on the background of the content in serum and beta1-defenzinu cathelicidin LL-37. The lowest values of LL-37 were identified in children with pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. The analysis of the content of vitamin D metabolites in the serum, showed that children with pneumonia, concentration 25 hydroxyvitamin D was 1,4 times lower compared with healthy children (p << 0,05). Established deficit metabolites of vitamin D in young children with pneumonia serves important pathogenetic factor deficiency cathelicidin LL-37 in serum, which was confirmed by a decrease in this cohort of patients 3,7 times the percentage of LL-37 in relation to the vitamin D metabolites.

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