To prevent the negative impact of external thermal actions on metrological characteristics (precision, measurement ranges, etc.) of impulse laser rangefinders of sighting systems the practical importance is finishing electron-ray surface processing of optical elements, which prevents defects on the elements surface (cracks, delaminations, chips, flows etc.), leading to a sharp deterioration of devices and their failures during operation. The aim is to improve the metrological characteristics of impulse laser rangefinders when operating under conditions of external thermal impact. The experimental research is conducted and it established the critical values of external thermal impact (heat flow and time of its action), the excess of which leads to the formation on the elements surface the negative defects that lead to their destruction. The optimal ranges of changes of parameters of the electron ray (thermal action density F_n= 7 · 10⁶ - 8 · 10⁸ W/m² and the speed of movement V = 5 · 10^-3 - 5 · 10^-2 m/s), within which there is maximum improvement of properties of the surface layers of the optical elements. There is no formation of negative defects on their surfaces, it increases the transmittance coefficient of infrared radiation elements in 1,4 - 1,6 times, that lets to increase the accuracy and to expand the ranges of distance measurement by impulse laser rangefinders in 1,2 - 1,5 times.

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