The new modified specialized computer-based systems for experimental study of defect-related and adsorption-desorption processes in nanostructured ceramics and glasses with using of positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy was developed. The mathematical approach to the treatment of positron annihilation lifetime data in humidity-sensitive ceramics as well as algorithm of the positron annihilation lifetime data processing in semiconducting glasses was proposed. It is shown that water-sorption processes in ceramics leads to increase in positron trapping rates of extended defects located near grain boundaries. The fixation of direct positron lifetime components allows refining the most significant changes in positron trapping rate of defects.

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