A novel nuclear factor kappa B (NF<$E kappa>B) inhibitor, dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin, is found to enhance the cytotoxic effect of an anticancer drug paclitaxel in the FRO cell line derived from nondifferentiated thyroid carcinoma of the follicular origin. A strong activation of caspases and PARP cleavage, as well as the decreased levels of small proteins-suppressors of apoptosis, are observed when cells are treated with a combination of both drugs. Of note are the singular paclitaxel treatment induced NF<$E kappa>B activation and the NF<$E kappa>B-dependent phosphorylation of cRaf-1, an upstream kinase of ERK1/2 which is a key member of the mitogen-activated signaling cascade that may comprise an additional NF<$E kappa>B-induced antiapoptotic pathway. Thus, the combination of paclitaxel and NF<$E kappa>B inhibitor is a promising pharmacological strategy for further preclinical trials aimed at the development of new therapeutic approaches to the treatment of nondifferentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancer.

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