The influence of polarization of conduction electrons in semiconductor on their light absorption is examined. The Drude model is used for the description of an electron motion inside conduction band. Account of electron screening the external electric field essentially modifies the expression for the light absorption coefficient in comparison with that in the traditional theory. As a result, the absorption spectrum becomes "resonance" like.The dielectric permeability of the free-electron system in semiconductor is usually considered using the Drude - Lorentz model without taking into account this system polarization. But it seems reasonable to include polarization phenomena into consideration of the free-electron system behavior. In this paper, the position of minimum in plasma optical reflection by the system of free electrons is analyzed with allowance for this system polarization. This position can substantially differ from that given via calculation of it within the framework of the traditional Drude - Lorentz model. This difference is significant when analyzing the available experimental results.Considered in this paper are optical spectra of crystal lattice vibrations in semiconductor solid solutions, which have two vibration bands depending on solution composition. It has been shown that this dependence for the vibration spectrum is conditioned by polarization of this lattice, which is not taken into account by the traditional theory for the optical spectrum of lattice vibrations.

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