Обоснованы параметры камер с условиями длительной прочности при разработке гипсовых месторождений на основе установленных закономерностей распределения напряжений в кровле и целиках камер при разных размерах, а также распределения напряжений в потолочине из гипса при её разной толщине. Проанализированы реологические и механические свойства гипса в условиях вечной мерзлоты и при положительной температуре.

Вивчено механізм та кінетику вилучення пласта гіпсу та натрієвої солі, розміщеного в пористому середовищі в умовах фільтрації розчинника, який переміщується в пористому середовищі над пластом. Розроблено рівняння для прогнозування кінетики процесу за реальних умов. Розраховано значення коефіцієнтів перенесення від критерію Рейнольдса для досліджуваного процесу та наведено відповідну графічну залежність.

Purpose. To substantiate parameters of zeolite-smectite puff-stone deposit hydromining method while analyzing dependences between physico-technological indices of hydromining equipment and rock mass characteristics, which will help optimize the extraction technique. Methodology. Complex research approach (i.e. field observations, laboratory tests, and bench testing) is the methodological basis to solve the problem. The approach involves system analysis, physical modeling of hydrodynamic processes, and outcome analysis using MаtLаb mathematical software package. Findings. Dependences of zeolite-smectite puff-stone failure upon a mouthpiece diameter, water pressure, washout radius, and gravity streaming hydraulic transportation within an extraction chamber have been determined. Effect of kinetic energy of a falling slurry stream on the decrease in the specific power consumption in the process of rock transportation over an extraction chamber floor has been identified. Power consumption dependence upon hydraulic monitor dimensions and working agent pressure is of quadratic nature: the increased pressure of a working agent in front of a mouthpiece, power consumption of the washout increases, and specific water consumption drops. Originality. For the first time, an approach to describe zeolite-smectite puff-stone failure taking into consideration hydrodynamic puff-stone washout, hydraulic mixture migration within an extraction chamber, and transportation of the mineral has been applied. Relying upon power consumption to washout hydraulic mixture and transport it within a washout chamber, both linear nature and directly-proportional dependence of transport capacity upon hydraulic monitor loss and chamber floor slope has been determined. Power consumption dependence has been defined for different types of mouthpieces and working agent pressure in order to avoid cuts and layer-by-layer washout of a mineral. Practical value. The obtained results can be applied to improve dominating parameters influencing the hydrodynamic process for zeolite-smectite puff-stone washout. For the purpose, rational efficiency of puff-stone failure has been identified as well as rotational angle of a lateral mouthpiece of a jet head at 15 - 20 m height in terms of layer-by-layer washout with rock migration over a distance being equal to a half of the washout diameter. Real conditions (for zeolite-smectite puff-stones) have been determined under which minor jet velocity variation from the determined parameters results in a cut or in a fall of the washout chamber.